Camera Workshop 2

Call outs are used to know what's going and stay alerted on the film set. There are 6 different call outs:

- Stand by : Standing by

- Roll camera : Camera rolling

- Action : Cut

Stand by alerts the actor to get ready and be in position and standing by is the actor saying they are ready and prepared. Roll camera is called when the camera is ready to start recording so then the cameraman would reply with 'camera rolling', meaning the operator has pressed the record button. Action is then called when the action takes place in the scene and then cut is called when the camera operator cuts the camera.

When shooting a scene/sequence there is an order to follow, you always shoot in a wide angle first, to get everything in frame and set the location/scenery and also because it is the master shot and it gets everything first in case anything happens while filming and ruins the other shots, then you get a mid-shot, which is a more detailed shot than a close up and can follow the subject easily, then a close up, which is a specific close up in an object/person, then once you have completed those main key shots you then move onto the special shots - like movement. 

You film all these shots even if you have not planned to because 

while editing you may want to add something in or change your original idea. Once you have finished what you want to record you must wait to cut the camera and keep the camera rolling at least 3/4 seconds after the scene and you should also do this before saying action as well, these seconds can make a massive difference in a sequence as you can always find something extra which makes the clip look good which has been added in those final 3/4 seconds. 

Why you do not look at footage on set - it wastes time and when on a set time is valuable and expensive so you must use time very carefully and not waste any shooting opportunities, and the actor may change the way they are acting and adjust their mannerisms if they already have an image in their head of what they look like through the camera and they may not be happy with that and want to change it. 

You must stick to continuity when filming and shooting different shots because otherwise it makes a clip look odd and does not make sense or add up. For example if in the wide shot the individual picks up a burger and eats a burger, but then in the mid shot the individual picks up a hotdog and eats the hotdog, but then when the close up shot takes place and the individual picks up a burger again and eats the burger, this does not add up or make sense and just results in the final shot looking silly and looks messy. So you must stick to continuity to prevent this. 

Marks are used on a film set to show the actors where to go or where to stop. These can be identified with pieces of tape on the floor. These also relate to continuity and keeping a shot consistent when filming different shots from different angles and different places. 

When filming on a film set the 180-degree rule is used. The 180-degree rule is a technique film makers use to know where everyone is and know where the action is happening in the scenes. This is also known as crossing the line.

The rule of thirds is a camera composition which takes a large role in filming and filmmaking and it is very important. The rule of thirds is a type of composition in which the image is sectioned evenly into thirds, both horizontally and vertically and the subject / focus in the image is placed at the intersection of the lines crossing over one another.